{"id":86332,"date":"2020-06-15T05:06:29","date_gmt":"2020-06-15T11:06:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.featheredphotography.com\/blog\/?p=86332"},"modified":"2020-06-15T05:06:29","modified_gmt":"2020-06-15T11:06:29","slug":"female-broad-tailed-hummingbird-feeding-on-snowberry-flowers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/2020\/06\/15\/female-broad-tailed-hummingbird-feeding-on-snowberry-flowers\/","title":{"rendered":"Female Broad-tailed Hummingbird Feeding On Snowberry Flowers"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Photographing hummingbirds in a wild setting is more difficult than shooting them on back yard flowers or at feeders but I find it far more rewarding.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"86333\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/2020\/06\/15\/female-broad-tailed-hummingbird-feeding-on-snowberry-flowers\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9009-ron-dudley\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9009-ron-dudley.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"720,900\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;7.1&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;RON DUDLEY&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;Canon EOS 7D Mark II&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1592119587&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;700&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;800&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.0003125&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"broad-tailed hummingbird 9009 ron dudley\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9009-ron-dudley.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-86333 size-full\" title=\"broad-tailed-hummingbird-9009-ron-dudley\" src=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9009-ron-dudley.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"900\" srcset=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9009-ron-dudley.jpg 720w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9009-ron-dudley-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9009-ron-dudley-120x150.jpg 120w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>1\/3200, f\/7.1, ISO 800, Canon 7D Mark II, Canon EF 500mm f\/4L IS II USM + EF 1.4 III Extender, not baited, set up or called in<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Yesterday morning this female Broad-tailed Hummingbird was feeding on snowberry nectar in the Wasatch Mountains. It was a difficult setting to get sharp photos because the background was usually very close to the bird. The fact that she had her back to me much of the time increased my frustration.<\/p>\n<p>But I got about a dozen photos I like and these are six of them.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"86334\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/2020\/06\/15\/female-broad-tailed-hummingbird-feeding-on-snowberry-flowers\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9020-ron-dudley\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9020-ron-dudley.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"900,720\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;7.1&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;RON DUDLEY&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;Canon EOS 7D Mark II&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1592119588&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;700&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;800&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.0003125&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"broad-tailed hummingbird 9020 ron dudley\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9020-ron-dudley.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-86334 size-full\" title=\"broad-tailed-hummingbird-9020-ron-dudley\" src=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9020-ron-dudley.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9020-ron-dudley.jpg 900w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9020-ron-dudley-300x240.jpg 300w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9020-ron-dudley-768x614.jpg 768w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9020-ron-dudley-150x120.jpg 150w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9020-ron-dudley-350x280.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>1\/3200, f\/7.1, ISO 800, Canon 7D Mark II, Canon EF 500mm f\/4L IS II USM + EF 1.4 III Extender, not baited, set up or called in<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Typical of hummingbirds she spent very little time at each tiny flower and her movements were quick and darting so tracking her was often close to impossible. But I got lucky in this first series of three shots because the flowers she moved between were only about an inch apart and she gave me a side view for the entire time (1.6 seconds).<\/p>\n<p>I chose to post this shot with her wings up and&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"86335\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/2020\/06\/15\/female-broad-tailed-hummingbird-feeding-on-snowberry-flowers\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9025-ron-dudley\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9025-ron-dudley.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"900,720\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;7.1&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;RON DUDLEY&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;Canon EOS 7D Mark II&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1592119589&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;700&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;800&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.0004&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"broad-tailed hummingbird 9025 ron dudley\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9025-ron-dudley.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-86335 size-full\" title=\"broad-tailed-hummingbird-9025-ron-dudley\" src=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9025-ron-dudley.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9025-ron-dudley.jpg 900w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9025-ron-dudley-300x240.jpg 300w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9025-ron-dudley-768x614.jpg 768w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9025-ron-dudley-150x120.jpg 150w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9025-ron-dudley-350x280.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>1\/2500, f\/7.1, ISO 800, Canon 7D Mark II, Canon EF 500mm f\/4L IS II USM + EF 1.4 III Extender, not baited, set up or called in<\/em><\/p>\n<p>this one with her wings down.<\/p>\n<p>At this point I realized that I was still shooting at f\/7.1, a setting I&#8217;d used on a previous non-hummingbird, and I wanted more shutter speed so I changed my aperture to 5.6. In the split second it took to make the adjustment&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"86336\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/2020\/06\/15\/female-broad-tailed-hummingbird-feeding-on-snowberry-flowers\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9039-ron-dudley\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9039-ron-dudley.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"900,720\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;5.6&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;RON DUDLEY&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;Canon EOS 7D Mark II&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1592119623&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;700&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;800&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.00025&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"broad-tailed hummingbird 9039 ron dudley\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9039-ron-dudley.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-86336 size-full\" title=\"broad-tailed-hummingbird-9039-ron-dudley\" src=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9039-ron-dudley.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9039-ron-dudley.jpg 900w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9039-ron-dudley-300x240.jpg 300w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9039-ron-dudley-768x614.jpg 768w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9039-ron-dudley-150x120.jpg 150w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9039-ron-dudley-350x280.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>1\/4000, f\/5.6, ISO 800, Canon 7D Mark II, Canon EF 500mm f\/4L IS II USM + EF 1.4 III Extender, not baited, set up or called in<\/em><\/p>\n<p>she had moved to another area of the snowberry bush where I had a cleaner background.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"86337\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/2020\/06\/15\/female-broad-tailed-hummingbird-feeding-on-snowberry-flowers\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9040-ron-dudley\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9040-ron-dudley.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"900,720\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;5.6&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;RON DUDLEY&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;Canon EOS 7D Mark II&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1592119623&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;700&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;800&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.00025&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"broad-tailed hummingbird 9040 ron dudley\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9040-ron-dudley.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-86337 size-full\" title=\"broad-tailed-hummingbird-9040-ron-dudley\" src=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9040-ron-dudley.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9040-ron-dudley.jpg 900w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9040-ron-dudley-300x240.jpg 300w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9040-ron-dudley-768x614.jpg 768w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9040-ron-dudley-150x120.jpg 150w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9040-ron-dudley-350x280.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>1\/4000, f\/5.6, ISO 800, Canon 7D Mark II, Canon EF 500mm f\/4L IS II USM + EF 1.4 III Extender, not baited, set up or called in<\/em><\/p>\n<p>When she pulled her bill out of the flower she&#8217;d\u00a0 been feeding on she&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"86338\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/2020\/06\/15\/female-broad-tailed-hummingbird-feeding-on-snowberry-flowers\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9056-ron-dudley\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9056-ron-dudley.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"900,643\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;5.6&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;RON DUDLEY&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;Canon EOS 7D Mark II&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1592119626&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;700&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;800&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.00025&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"broad-tailed hummingbird 9056 ron dudley\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9056-ron-dudley.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-86338 size-full\" title=\"broad-tailed-hummingbird-9056-ron-dudley\" src=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9056-ron-dudley.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"643\" srcset=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9056-ron-dudley.jpg 900w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9056-ron-dudley-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9056-ron-dudley-768x549.jpg 768w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9056-ron-dudley-150x107.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>1\/4000, f\/5.6, ISO 800, Canon 7D Mark II, Canon EF 500mm f\/4L IS II USM + EF 1.4 III Extender, not baited, set up or called in<\/em><\/p>\n<p>moved almost straight up to the flowers above her where I had a completely clean background which is somewhat unusual when photographing hummers in the wild.<\/p>\n<p>I thought this shot was interesting because of her asymmetrical wing positions. As evidenced by the previous photos the wings of hummers in flight are usually in symmetrical positions.<\/p>\n<p>When this shot was taken she must have been making an in-flight course adjustment.<\/p>\n<p>Ron<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Photographing hummingbirds in a wild setting is more difficult than shooting them on back yard flowers or at feeders but I find it far more rewarding.<\/p>\n<p> <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/2020\/06\/15\/female-broad-tailed-hummingbird-feeding-on-snowberry-flowers\/\"><span>Continue reading<\/span><i class=\"crycon-right-dir\"><\/i><\/a> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":86336,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6,334,4082,392],"tags":[4813,2202,5185,137,146,2203,5186],"class_list":["post-86332","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bird-photography-methods","category-birds","category-broad-tailed-hummingbirds","category-feeding-bird-behaviors","tag-asymmetrical-wing-position","tag-broad-tailed-hummingbird","tag-feeding-on-flowers","tag-female","tag-flight","tag-selasphorus-platycercus","tag-snowberry"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/broad-tailed-hummingbird-9039-ron-dudley.jpg","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1zzJh-mss","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86332","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=86332"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86332\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/86336"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=86332"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=86332"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=86332"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}