{"id":44403,"date":"2016-12-18T05:41:22","date_gmt":"2016-12-18T12:41:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.featheredphotography.com\/blog\/?p=44403"},"modified":"2016-12-18T07:49:09","modified_gmt":"2016-12-18T14:49:09","slug":"the-bizarre-biology-of-the-eared-grebe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/2016\/12\/18\/the-bizarre-biology-of-the-eared-grebe\/","title":{"rendered":"The Bizarre Biology Of The Eared Grebe"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The little Eared Grebe may be the most biologically interesting bird species\u00a0I&#8217;m aware of.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"44406\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/2016\/12\/18\/the-bizarre-biology-of-the-eared-grebe\/eared-grebe-9360-ron-dudley\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/eared-grebe-9360-ron-dudley.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"900,623\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;8&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;Canon EOS 40D&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1208420663&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;700&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;500&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.002&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"eared-grebe-9360-ron-dudley\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/eared-grebe-9360-ron-dudley.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-44406\" src=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/eared-grebe-9360-ron-dudley.jpg\" alt=\"eared-grebe-9360-ron-dudley\" width=\"900\" height=\"623\" srcset=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/eared-grebe-9360-ron-dudley.jpg 900w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/eared-grebe-9360-ron-dudley-300x208.jpg 300w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/eared-grebe-9360-ron-dudley-768x532.jpg 768w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/eared-grebe-9360-ron-dudley-150x104.jpg 150w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/eared-grebe-9360-ron-dudley-400x277.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><strong>1\/500, f\/8, ISO 500, Canon 40D, Canon EF 500mm f\/4L IS USM + EF 1.4 II Extender, not baited, set up or called in<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">As common as they are in northern\u00a0Utah during certain times of the year I&#8217;ve rarely been able to get close to them. The exception was a few years\u00a0ago when I found several\u00a0of them\u00a0feeding on an insect hatch on Glover Pond near Farmington Bay. They were scurrying around on the pond as they snatched &#8220;bugs&#8221; off the surface and occasionally one would pause and look at me with an intensely scarlet eye.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"44407\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/2016\/12\/18\/the-bizarre-biology-of-the-eared-grebe\/eared-grebe-9431-ron-dudley\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/eared-grebe-9431-ron-dudley.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"900,643\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;7.1&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;Canon EOS 40D&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1208420811&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;700&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;500&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.00125&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"eared-grebe-9431-ron-dudley\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/eared-grebe-9431-ron-dudley.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-44407\" src=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/eared-grebe-9431-ron-dudley.jpg\" alt=\"eared-grebe-9431-ron-dudley\" width=\"900\" height=\"643\" srcset=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/eared-grebe-9431-ron-dudley.jpg 900w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/eared-grebe-9431-ron-dudley-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/eared-grebe-9431-ron-dudley-768x549.jpg 768w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/eared-grebe-9431-ron-dudley-150x107.jpg 150w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/eared-grebe-9431-ron-dudley-400x286.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><em>1\/800, f\/7.1, ISO 500, Canon 40D, Canon EF 500mm f\/4L IS USM + EF 1.4 II Extender, not baited, set up or called in <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>I actually preferred them a little further away so I could get their reflection in frame on the mirror-like surface of the water.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"5812\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/2012\/05\/30\/eared-grebes-in-utah\/eared-grebes-8159\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/05\/eared-grebes-8159.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"900,643\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"eared-grebes-8159\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/05\/eared-grebes-8159.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-5812\" src=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/05\/eared-grebes-8159.jpg\" alt=\"eared-grebes-8159\" width=\"900\" height=\"643\" srcset=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/05\/eared-grebes-8159.jpg 900w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/05\/eared-grebes-8159-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/05\/eared-grebes-8159-150x107.jpg 150w, https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/05\/eared-grebes-8159-400x285.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The Great Salt Lake is one of only\u00a0two primary staging areas of Eared Grebes in North America\u00a0(the other is Mono Lake, CA).\u00a0This photo, taken in early May along the causeway to Antelope Island, shows mind-boggling numbers of grebes from the shoreline to roughly a half mile out into the lake.\u00a0And there were just as many birds for much of the 7 mile length of the causeway.\u00a0At times it&#8217;s estimated that there are 2.5 million Eared Grebes on the lake which is over half of the entire North American population<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The physiological changes in body composition of Eared Grebes during their migration cycle\u00a0are truly bizarre. Consider the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>When they arrive on the lake (a staging area before they continue migrating)\u00a0in the fall they more than double their body weight from an average of 260 grams to more than 600 grams. They do this by adding huge fat stores and greatly increasing the mass of their digestive organs. At the same time their flight muscle mass shrinks\u00a0by about 50% &#8211; to the point that they&#8217;re unable to fly. This muscle atrophy begins even before they molt their flight feathers.<\/li>\n<li>Then, before their migration south continues, they reverse the trend by fasting for 2-3 weeks which reduces their body mass to about 450 grams and they completely reorganize their body composition &#8211; digestive organ mass drops by two-thirds, leg muscles shrink, but pectoral (flight)\u00a0muscle mass can more than double. When they gain flight back they migrate to their wintering areas.<\/li>\n<li>But it won&#8217;t be long before they have to prepare for their trip back north in the early spring so the cycle of atrophy\/hypertrophy is repeated. This happens 3-6 times per year, whenever birds stop at one site for protracted periods of time. The premigratory increase of pectoral muscle and heart mass is required for migration while the\u00a0premigratory decrease of digestive organs and leg muscle is\u00a0considered a mechanism to reduce wing-loading and thus increase flight range in this poorly flying species.<\/li>\n<li>The overall result is that the Eared Grebe has the longest flightless period of any volant (flighted)\u00a0bird in the world, perhaps totaling 9\u201310 months over the course of a year. At fall staging areas alone, flightless periods average 3\u20134 months for adults and may reach 8 months or more in nonbreeders.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The changes in size and proportion of Eared Grebe muscles and internal organs are the most extreme known in any bird species on earth\u00a0and that matches their world record for flightless down-time.<\/p>\n<p>All this makes me marvel at the incredible specialization of this most common grebe species in North America. But that specialization is also potentially\u00a0an Achilles heel. They&#8217;ve become so\u00a0dependent on the Great Salt Lake as a staging area it makes me fearful about what might happen to them as the lake dries up. Due to drought and mismanagement of water resources the lake now has only 29% of the surface area it had only a few years ago.<\/p>\n<p>Food for thought&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>Ron<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The little Eared Grebe may be the most biologically interesting bird species I&#8217;m aware of.<\/p>\n<p> <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/2016\/12\/18\/the-bizarre-biology-of-the-eared-grebe\/\"><span>Continue reading<\/span><i class=\"crycon-right-dir\"><\/i><\/a> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":44407,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[334,372],"tags":[3230,117,160,3231,866,727],"class_list":["post-44403","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-birds","category-eared-grebes","tag-atrophy","tag-eared-grebe","tag-great-salt-lake","tag-hypertrophy","tag-migration","tag-podiceps-nigricallis"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/eared-grebe-9431-ron-dudley.jpg","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1zzJh-byb","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44403","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44403"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44403\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":157717,"href":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44403\/revisions\/157717"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/44407"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44403"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44403"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/featheredphotography.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44403"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}